Singapore vs Malaysia: population pyramids in 1991
SingaporeMalaysia
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Singapore and Malaysia compared
In 1991, Singapore has a population of 3.1 million and Malaysia 18.1 million; Malaysia is about 5.9 times the size of Singapore.
The share aged 65 and over is 5.6% in Singapore and 3.6% in Malaysia, 2.0 points higher in Singapore. The median age is 29.6 years in Singapore and 21.5 years in Malaysia.
The total fertility rate is 1.49 in Singapore and 3.34 in Malaysia, so only Singapore is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 75.1 years in Singapore and 71.2 years in Malaysia.
By 2050, the population of Singapore is projected to grow by 96.8% and that of Malaysia to grow by 144.1% compared with 1991.
GDP per person is $99K in Singapore (2025) and $13K in Malaysia (2025).
Key figures (1991)
| Singapore | Malaysia | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 3.1 million | 18.1 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 21.3% | 37.1% |
| Aged 15–64 | 73.1% | 59.4% |
| Aged 65+ | 5.6% | 3.6% |
| Median age | 29.6 yrs | 21.5 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 7.7 | 6.0 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.49 | 3.34 |
| Life expectancy | 75.1 yrs | 71.2 yrs |
| Population growth | +2.92% | +2.72% |
| Net migration (per year) | +57,821 | +97,111 |
| GDP | $604B (2025) | $472B (2025) |
| GDP per person | $99K (2025) | $13K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 2.8% (2025) | 3.8% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.