World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Thailand vs Japan: population pyramids in 1990

1990Swap

ThailandJapan

1.5%1%0.5%0%0.5%1%1.5%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Thailand and Japan compared

In 1990, Thailand has a population of 54.3 million and Japan 123.2 million; Japan is about 2.3 times the size of Thailand.

The share aged 65 and over is 3.9% in Thailand and 11.9% in Japan, 8.0 points higher in Japan. The median age is 23.9 years in Thailand and 37.7 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 2.07 in Thailand and 1.51 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 68.9 years in Thailand and 79.0 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of Thailand is projected to grow by 22.5% and that of Japan to shrink by 14.7% compared with 1990.

GDP per person is $8,057 in Thailand (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Key figures (1990)

ThailandJapan
Population54.3 million123.2 million
Aged 0–1430.4%18.4%
Aged 15–6465.8%69.7%
Aged 65+3.9%11.9%
Median age23.9 yrs37.7 yrs
Old-age dependency5.917.1
Total fertility rate2.071.51
Life expectancy68.9 yrs79.0 yrs
Population growth+1.67%+0.38%
Net migration (per year)+152,916+124,582
GDP$577B (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$8,057 (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment0.8% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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