World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

China, Taiwan Province of China vs Japan: population pyramids in 2001

2001Swap

China, Taiwan Province of ChinaJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

China, Taiwan Province of China and Japan compared

In 2001, China, Taiwan Province of China has a population of 22.4 million and Japan 127.1 million; Japan is about 5.7 times the size of China, Taiwan Province of China.

The share aged 65 and over is 8.7% in China, Taiwan Province of China and 17.7% in Japan, 9.1 points higher in Japan. The median age is 32.4 years in China, Taiwan Province of China and 41.9 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.40 in China, Taiwan Province of China and 1.32 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 76.5 years in China, Taiwan Province of China and 81.5 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of China, Taiwan Province of China is projected to shrink by 12.8% and that of Japan to shrink by 17.4% compared with 2001.

Key figures (2001)

China, Taiwan Province of ChinaJapan
Population22.4 million127.1 million
Aged 0–1420.6%14.3%
Aged 15–6470.8%68.0%
Aged 65+8.7%17.7%
Median age32.4 yrs41.9 yrs
Old-age dependency12.326.1
Total fertility rate1.401.32
Life expectancy76.5 yrs81.5 yrs
Population growth+0.57%+0.19%
Net migration (per year)-120+59,563
GDP—$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person—$36K (2025)
Unemployment—2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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