Ukraine vs Russian Federation: population pyramids in 1990
UkraineRussian Federation
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Ukraine and Russian Federation compared
In 1990, Ukraine has a population of 52 million and the Russian Federation 148.6 million; the Russian Federation is about 2.9 times the size of Ukraine.
The share aged 65 and over is 11.9% in Ukraine and 9.8% in the Russian Federation, 2.1 points higher in Ukraine. The median age is 34.1 years in Ukraine and 33.0 years in the Russian Federation.
The total fertility rate is 1.84 in Ukraine and 1.91 in the Russian Federation, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 70.3 years in Ukraine and 69.3 years in the Russian Federation.
By 2050, the population of Ukraine is projected to shrink by 38.2% and that of the Russian Federation to shrink by 8.4% compared with 1990.
GDP per person is $5,866 in Ukraine (2025) and $18K in the Russian Federation (2025).
Key figures (1990)
| Ukraine | Russian Federation | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 52 million | 148.6 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 21.7% | 23.0% |
| Aged 15–64 | 66.4% | 67.2% |
| Aged 65+ | 11.9% | 9.8% |
| Median age | 34.1 yrs | 33.0 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 18.0 | 14.6 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.84 | 1.91 |
| Life expectancy | 70.3 yrs | 69.3 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.24% | +0.45% |
| Net migration (per year) | +75,760 | +299,863 |
| GDP | $214B (2025) | $2.56T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $5,866 (2025) | $18K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 9.8% (2021) | 2.1% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.