World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Viet Nam vs Japan: population pyramids in 1990

1990Swap

Viet NamJapan

1.5%1%0.5%0%0.5%1%1.5%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Viet Nam and Japan compared

In 1990, Viet Nam has a population of 64.8 million and Japan 123.2 million; Japan is about 1.9 times the size of Viet Nam.

The share aged 65 and over is 5.5% in Viet Nam and 11.9% in Japan, 6.5 points higher in Japan. The median age is 20.4 years in Viet Nam and 37.7 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 3.60 in Viet Nam and 1.51 in Japan, so only Japan is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 69.0 years in Viet Nam and 79.0 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of Viet Nam is projected to grow by 69.7% and that of Japan to shrink by 14.7% compared with 1990.

GDP per person is $5,066 in Viet Nam (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Key figures (1990)

Viet NamJapan
Population64.8 million123.2 million
Aged 0–1438.7%18.4%
Aged 15–6455.9%69.7%
Aged 65+5.5%11.9%
Median age20.4 yrs37.7 yrs
Old-age dependency9.817.1
Total fertility rate3.601.51
Life expectancy69.0 yrs79.0 yrs
Population growth+2.13%+0.38%
Net migration (per year)-57,221+124,582
GDP$515B (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$5,066 (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment1.5% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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