World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Viet Nam vs Japan: population pyramids in 2040

2040Swap

Viet NamJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Viet Nam and Japan compared

In 2040, Viet Nam has a population of 108.3 million and Japan 112.3 million; the two are about the same size.

The share aged 65 and over is 15.6% in Viet Nam and 35.0% in Japan, 19.4 points higher in Japan. The median age is 39.1 years in Viet Nam and 53.9 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.77 in Viet Nam and 1.31 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 77.3 years in Viet Nam and 87.1 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of Viet Nam is projected to grow by 1.6% and that of Japan to shrink by 6.5% compared with 2040.

GDP per person is $5,066 in Viet Nam (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2040)

Viet NamJapan
Population108.3 million112.3 million
Aged 0–1417.6%10.4%
Aged 15–6466.8%54.6%
Aged 65+15.6%35.0%
Median age39.1 yrs53.9 yrs
Old-age dependency23.364.1
Total fertility rate1.771.31
Life expectancy77.3 yrs87.1 yrs
Population growth+0.30%-0.65%
Net migration (per year)-36,057+118,186
GDP$515B (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$5,066 (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment1.5% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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