Bangladesh vs India: population pyramids in 2021
BangladeshIndia
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Bangladesh and India compared
In 2021, Bangladesh has a population of 167 million and India 1.41 billion; India is about 8.4 times the size of Bangladesh.
The share aged 65 and over is 5.9% in Bangladesh and 6.5% in India, 0.6 points higher in India. The median age is 25.6 years in Bangladesh and 28.2 years in India.
The total fertility rate is 2.17 in Bangladesh and 2.01 in India, so only India is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 71.1 years in Bangladesh and 67.3 years in India.
By 2050, the population of Bangladesh is projected to grow by 28.3% and that of India to grow by 19.0% compared with 2021.
GDP per person is $2,597 in Bangladesh (2025) and $2,702 in India (2025).
Key figures (2021)
| Bangladesh | India | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 167 million | 1.41 billion |
| Aged 0–14 | 29.2% | 26.1% |
| Aged 15–64 | 64.9% | 67.4% |
| Aged 65+ | 5.9% | 6.5% |
| Median age | 25.6 yrs | 28.2 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 9.1 | 9.7 |
| Total fertility rate | 2.17 | 2.01 |
| Life expectancy | 71.1 yrs | 67.3 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.82% | +0.70% |
| Net migration (per year) | -994,722 | -348,916 |
| GDP | $456B (2025) | $3.96T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $2,597 (2025) | $2,702 (2025) |
| Unemployment | 3.8% (2025) | 4.2% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.