India vs Bangladesh: population pyramids in 2021
IndiaBangladesh
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
India and Bangladesh compared
In 2021, India has a population of 1.41 billion and Bangladesh 167 million; India is about 8.4 times the size of Bangladesh.
The share aged 65 and over is 6.5% in India and 5.9% in Bangladesh, 0.6 points higher in India. The median age is 28.2 years in India and 25.6 years in Bangladesh.
The total fertility rate is 2.01 in India and 2.17 in Bangladesh, so only India is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 67.3 years in India and 71.1 years in Bangladesh.
By 2050, the population of India is projected to grow by 19.0% and that of Bangladesh to grow by 28.3% compared with 2021.
GDP per person is $2,702 in India (2025) and $2,597 in Bangladesh (2025).
Key figures (2021)
| India | Bangladesh | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 1.41 billion | 167 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 26.1% | 29.2% |
| Aged 15–64 | 67.4% | 64.9% |
| Aged 65+ | 6.5% | 5.9% |
| Median age | 28.2 yrs | 25.6 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 9.7 | 9.1 |
| Total fertility rate | 2.01 | 2.17 |
| Life expectancy | 67.3 yrs | 71.1 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.70% | +0.82% |
| Net migration (per year) | -348,916 | -994,722 |
| GDP | $3.96T (2025) | $456B (2025) |
| GDP per person | $2,702 (2025) | $2,597 (2025) |
| Unemployment | 4.2% (2025) | 3.8% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.