China vs Republic of Korea: population pyramids in 1990
ChinaRepublic of Korea
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
China and Republic of Korea compared
In 1990, China has a population of 1.14 billion and the Republic of Korea 43.8 million; China is about 26 times the size of the Republic of Korea.
The share aged 65 and over is 5.3% in China and 4.8% in the Republic of Korea, almost the same. The median age is 24.6 years in China and 26.5 years in the Republic of Korea.
The total fertility rate is 2.51 in China and 1.60 in the Republic of Korea, so only the Republic of Korea is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 68.2 years in China and 71.0 years in the Republic of Korea.
By 2050, the population of China is projected to grow by 10.6% and that of the Republic of Korea to grow by 3.3% compared with 1990.
GDP per person is $14K in China (2025) and $36K in the Republic of Korea (2025).
Key figures (1990)
| China | Republic of Korea | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 1.14 billion | 43.8 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 28.8% | 26.2% |
| Aged 15–64 | 65.9% | 69.0% |
| Aged 65+ | 5.3% | 4.8% |
| Median age | 24.6 yrs | 26.5 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 8.0 | 7.0 |
| Total fertility rate | 2.51 | 1.60 |
| Life expectancy | 68.2 yrs | 71.0 yrs |
| Population growth | +1.74% | +1.16% |
| Net migration (per year) | -11,187 | +79,294 |
| GDP | $19.5T (2025) | $1.87T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $14K (2025) | $36K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 4.6% (2025) | 2.7% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.