World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

China vs United States of America: population pyramids in 2021

2021Swap

ChinaUnited States of America

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

China and United States of America compared

In 2021, China has a population of 1.43 billion and the United States of America 339.7 million; China is about 4.2 times the size of the United States of America.

The share aged 65 and over is 12.9% in China and 16.3% in the United States of America, 3.3 points higher in the United States of America. The median age is 38.7 years in China and 38.3 years in the United States of America.

The total fertility rate is 1.12 in China and 1.63 in the United States of America, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 78.1 years in China and 76.4 years in the United States of America.

By 2050, the population of China is projected to shrink by 11.3% and that of the United States of America to grow by 11.9% compared with 2021.

GDP per person is $14K in China (2025) and $90K in the United States of America (2025).

Key figures (2021)

ChinaUnited States of America
Population1.43 billion339.7 million
Aged 0–1417.8%18.3%
Aged 15–6469.3%65.5%
Aged 65+12.9%16.3%
Median age38.7 yrs38.3 yrs
Old-age dependency18.724.8
Total fertility rate1.121.63
Life expectancy78.1 yrs76.4 yrs
Population growth-0.05%+0.25%
Net migration (per year)-379,749+674,787
GDP$19.5T (2025)$30.8T (2025)
GDP per person$14K (2025)$90K (2025)
Unemployment4.6% (2025)4.2% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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