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China vs United States of America: population pyramids in 2025

2025Swap

ChinaUnited States of America

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

China and United States of America compared

In 2025, China has a population of 1.42 billion and the United States of America 346.3 million; China is about 4.1 times the size of the United States of America.

The share aged 65 and over is 14.8% in China and 18.1% in the United States of America, 3.4 points higher in the United States of America. The median age is 40.8 years in China and 39.4 years in the United States of America.

The total fertility rate is 1.02 in China and 1.62 in the United States of America, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 78.4 years in China and 79.6 years in the United States of America.

By 2050, the population of China is projected to shrink by 10.8% and that of the United States of America to grow by 9.8% compared with 2025.

GDP per person is $14K in China (2025) and $90K in the United States of America (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2025)

ChinaUnited States of America
Population1.42 billion346.3 million
Aged 0–1415.7%17.2%
Aged 15–6469.5%64.7%
Aged 65+14.8%18.1%
Median age40.8 yrs39.4 yrs
Old-age dependency21.328.1
Total fertility rate1.021.62
Life expectancy78.4 yrs79.6 yrs
Population growth-0.23%+0.52%
Net migration (per year)-268,126+1.2 million
GDP$19.5T (2025)$30.8T (2025)
GDP per person$14K (2025)$90K (2025)
Unemployment4.6% (2025)4.2% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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