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Indonesia vs Japan: population pyramids in 2029

2029Swap

IndonesiaJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Indonesia and Japan compared

In 2029, Indonesia has a population of 293 million and Japan 120.5 million; Indonesia is about 2.4 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 8.5% in Indonesia and 30.6% in Japan, 22.1 points higher in Japan. The median age is 32.4 years in Indonesia and 52.0 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 2.03 in Indonesia and 1.25 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 72.0 years in Indonesia and 85.6 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of Indonesia is projected to grow by 9.4% and that of Japan to shrink by 12.9% compared with 2029.

GDP per person is $5,060 in Indonesia (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2029)

IndonesiaJapan
Population293 million120.5 million
Aged 0–1422.9%10.6%
Aged 15–6468.6%58.7%
Aged 65+8.5%30.6%
Median age32.4 yrs52.0 yrs
Old-age dependency12.452.1
Total fertility rate2.031.25
Life expectancy72.0 yrs85.6 yrs
Population growth+0.66%-0.60%
Net migration (per year)-45,043+128,048
GDP$1.45T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$5,060 (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment3.2% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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