World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

India vs Japan: population pyramids in 2029

2029Swap

IndiaJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

India and Japan compared

In 2029, India has a population of 1.51 billion and Japan 120.5 million; India is about 13 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 8.2% in India and 30.6% in Japan, 22.4 points higher in Japan. The median age is 31.2 years in India and 52.0 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.89 in India and 1.25 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 73.4 years in India and 85.6 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of India is projected to grow by 11.3% and that of Japan to shrink by 12.9% compared with 2029.

GDP per person is $2,702 in India (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2029)

IndiaJapan
Population1.51 billion120.5 million
Aged 0–1422.8%10.6%
Aged 15–6469.0%58.7%
Aged 65+8.2%30.6%
Median age31.2 yrs52.0 yrs
Old-age dependency11.952.1
Total fertility rate1.891.25
Life expectancy73.4 yrs85.6 yrs
Population growth+0.78%-0.60%
Net migration (per year)-370,655+128,048
GDP$3.96T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$2,702 (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.2% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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