World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

India vs Japan: population pyramids in 2050

2050Swap

IndiaJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

India and Japan compared

In 2050, India has a population of 1.68 billion and Japan 105 million; India is about 16 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 14.5% in India and 37.2% in Japan, 22.7 points higher in Japan. The median age is 39.1 years in India and 53.6 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.76 in India and 1.35 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 77.5 years in India and 88.4 years in Japan.

GDP per person is $2,702 in India (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2050)

IndiaJapan
Population1.68 billion105 million
Aged 0–1417.9%11.3%
Aged 15–6467.6%51.5%
Aged 65+14.5%37.2%
Median age39.1 yrs53.6 yrs
Old-age dependency21.472.2
Total fertility rate1.761.35
Life expectancy77.5 yrs88.4 yrs
Population growth+0.23%-0.64%
Net migration (per year)-371,956+119,363
GDP$3.96T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$2,702 (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.2% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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