World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Australia: population pyramids in 2016

2016Swap

JapanAustralia

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Australia compared

In 2016, Japan has a population of 127.1 million and Australia 24.1 million; Japan is about 5.3 times the size of Australia.

The share aged 65 and over is 27.2% in Japan and 15.0% in Australia, 12.2 points higher in Japan. The median age is 47.0 years in Japan and 37.2 years in Australia.

The total fertility rate is 1.41 in Japan and 1.79 in Australia, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 84.1 years in Japan and 82.8 years in Australia.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 17.4% and that of Australia to grow by 34.2% compared with 2016.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $65K in Australia (2025).

Key figures (2016)

JapanAustralia
Population127.1 million24.1 million
Aged 0–1412.8%18.9%
Aged 15–6460.0%66.1%
Aged 65+27.2%15.0%
Median age47.0 yrs37.2 yrs
Old-age dependency45.422.7
Total fertility rate1.411.79
Life expectancy84.1 yrs82.8 yrs
Population growth-0.05%+1.66%
Net migration (per year)+314,732+254,648
GDP$4.44T (2025)$1.8T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$65K (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)4.1% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

Compare other years