World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Australia: population pyramids in 2024

2024Swap

JapanAustralia

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Australia compared

In 2024, Japan has a population of 124 million and Australia 26.6 million; Japan is about 4.7 times the size of Australia.

The share aged 65 and over is 29.6% in Japan and 17.5% in Australia, 12.1 points higher in Japan. The median age is 50.1 years in Japan and 38.9 years in Australia.

The total fertility rate is 1.22 in Japan and 1.64 in Australia, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 84.8 years in Japan and 84.1 years in Australia.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 15.3% and that of Australia to grow by 21.8% compared with 2024.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $65K in Australia (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2024)

JapanAustralia
Population124 million26.6 million
Aged 0–1411.5%17.9%
Aged 15–6458.8%64.5%
Aged 65+29.6%17.5%
Median age50.1 yrs38.9 yrs
Old-age dependency50.327.2
Total fertility rate1.221.64
Life expectancy84.8 yrs84.1 yrs
Population growth-0.51%+0.99%
Net migration (per year)+153,357+138,510
GDP$4.44T (2025)$1.8T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$65K (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)4.1% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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