World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Australia: population pyramids in 2029

2029Swap

JapanAustralia

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Australia compared

In 2029, Japan has a population of 120.5 million and Australia 27.8 million; Japan is about 4.3 times the size of Australia.

The share aged 65 and over is 30.6% in Japan and 19.3% in Australia, 11.3 points higher in Japan. The median age is 52.0 years in Japan and 40.1 years in Australia.

The total fertility rate is 1.25 in Japan and 1.64 in Australia, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 85.6 years in Japan and 84.8 years in Australia.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 12.9% and that of Australia to grow by 16.3% compared with 2029.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $65K in Australia (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2029)

JapanAustralia
Population120.5 million27.8 million
Aged 0–1410.6%17.1%
Aged 15–6458.7%63.5%
Aged 65+30.6%19.3%
Median age52.0 yrs40.1 yrs
Old-age dependency52.130.5
Total fertility rate1.251.64
Life expectancy85.6 yrs84.8 yrs
Population growth-0.60%+0.83%
Net migration (per year)+128,048+131,355
GDP$4.44T (2025)$1.8T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$65K (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)4.1% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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