World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

India vs Japan: population pyramids in 1998

1998Swap

IndiaJapan

1.5%1%0.5%0%0.5%1%1.5%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

India and Japan compared

In 1998, India has a population of 1.01 billion and Japan 126.4 million; India is about 8.0 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 4.3% in India and 16.0% in Japan, 11.8 points higher in Japan. The median age is 21.7 years in India and 40.9 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 3.45 in India and 1.37 in Japan, so only Japan is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 61.9 years in India and 80.7 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of India is projected to grow by 66.3% and that of Japan to shrink by 16.9% compared with 1998.

GDP per person is $2,702 in India (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Key figures (1998)

IndiaJapan
Population1.01 billion126.4 million
Aged 0–1436.5%14.9%
Aged 15–6459.2%69.0%
Aged 65+4.3%16.0%
Median age21.7 yrs40.9 yrs
Old-age dependency7.223.2
Total fertility rate3.451.37
Life expectancy61.9 yrs80.7 yrs
Population growth+1.92%+0.22%
Net migration (per year)-1,049+45,912
GDP$3.96T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$2,702 (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.2% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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