World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Australia: population pyramids in 1998

1998Swap

JapanAustralia

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Australia compared

In 1998, Japan has a population of 126.4 million and Australia 18.6 million; Japan is about 6.8 times the size of Australia.

The share aged 65 and over is 16.0% in Japan and 12.1% in Australia, 3.9 points higher in Japan. The median age is 40.9 years in Japan and 34.6 years in Australia.

The total fertility rate is 1.37 in Japan and 1.77 in Australia, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 80.7 years in Japan and 79.0 years in Australia.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 16.9% and that of Australia to grow by 74.1% compared with 1998.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $65K in Australia (2025).

Key figures (1998)

JapanAustralia
Population126.4 million18.6 million
Aged 0–1414.9%21.2%
Aged 15–6469.0%66.7%
Aged 65+16.0%12.1%
Median age40.9 yrs34.6 yrs
Old-age dependency23.218.2
Total fertility rate1.371.77
Life expectancy80.7 yrs79.0 yrs
Population growth+0.22%+1.09%
Net migration (per year)+45,912+81,310
GDP$4.44T (2025)$1.8T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$65K (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)4.1% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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