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United States of America vs China: population pyramids in 2037

2037Swap

United States of AmericaChina

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

United States of America and China compared

In 2037, the United States of America has a population of 365.3 million and China 1.36 billion; China is about 3.7 times the size of the United States of America.

The share aged 65 and over is 21.8% in the United States of America and 24.1% in China, 2.4 points higher in China. The median age is 41.6 years in the United States of America and 47.7 years in China.

The total fertility rate is 1.63 in the United States of America and 1.11 in China, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 81.4 years in the United States of America and 81.2 years in China.

By 2050, the population of the United States of America is projected to grow by 4.1% and that of China to shrink by 7.3% compared with 2037.

GDP per person is $90K in the United States of America (2025) and $14K in China (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2037)

United States of AmericaChina
Population365.3 million1.36 billion
Aged 0–1415.9%9.3%
Aged 15–6462.3%66.5%
Aged 65+21.8%24.1%
Median age41.6 yrs47.7 yrs
Old-age dependency34.936.3
Total fertility rate1.631.11
Life expectancy81.4 yrs81.2 yrs
Population growth+0.39%-0.44%
Net migration (per year)+1.2 million-223,836
GDP$30.8T (2025)$19.5T (2025)
GDP per person$90K (2025)$14K (2025)
Unemployment4.2% (2025)4.6% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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