World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

United States of America vs China: population pyramids in 1990

1990Swap

United States of AmericaChina

1.5%1%0.5%0%0.5%1%1.5%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

United States of America and China compared

In 1990, the United States of America has a population of 251.8 million and China 1.14 billion; China is about 4.5 times the size of the United States of America.

The share aged 65 and over is 12.3% in the United States of America and 5.3% in China, 7.0 points higher in the United States of America. The median age is 32.8 years in the United States of America and 24.6 years in China.

The total fertility rate is 2.07 in the United States of America and 2.51 in China, so only the United States of America is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 75.4 years in the United States of America and 68.2 years in China.

By 2050, the population of the United States of America is projected to grow by 51.0% and that of China to grow by 10.6% compared with 1990.

GDP per person is $90K in the United States of America (2025) and $14K in China (2025).

Key figures (1990)

United States of AmericaChina
Population251.8 million1.14 billion
Aged 0–1421.5%28.8%
Aged 15–6466.2%65.9%
Aged 65+12.3%5.3%
Median age32.8 yrs24.6 yrs
Old-age dependency18.58.0
Total fertility rate2.072.51
Life expectancy75.4 yrs68.2 yrs
Population growth+1.22%+1.74%
Net migration (per year)+1.1 million-11,187
GDP$30.8T (2025)$19.5T (2025)
GDP per person$90K (2025)$14K (2025)
Unemployment4.2% (2025)4.6% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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