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United States of America vs China: population pyramids in 2043

2043Swap

United States of AmericaChina

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

United States of America and China compared

In 2043, the United States of America has a population of 373.2 million and China 1.33 billion; China is about 3.6 times the size of the United States of America.

The share aged 65 and over is 22.2% in the United States of America and 27.6% in China, 5.4 points higher in China. The median age is 42.0 years in the United States of America and 50.7 years in China.

The total fertility rate is 1.64 in the United States of America and 1.15 in China, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 82.2 years in the United States of America and 82.2 years in China.

By 2050, the population of the United States of America is projected to grow by 1.9% and that of China to shrink by 4.5% compared with 2043.

GDP per person is $90K in the United States of America (2025) and $14K in China (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2043)

United States of AmericaChina
Population373.2 million1.33 billion
Aged 0–1416.0%9.5%
Aged 15–6461.8%62.9%
Aged 65+22.2%27.6%
Median age42.0 yrs50.7 yrs
Old-age dependency35.943.9
Total fertility rate1.641.15
Life expectancy82.2 yrs82.2 yrs
Population growth+0.31%-0.56%
Net migration (per year)+1.3 million-187,322
GDP$30.8T (2025)$19.5T (2025)
GDP per person$90K (2025)$14K (2025)
Unemployment4.2% (2025)4.6% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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