World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

China vs Japan: population pyramids in 1954

1954Swap

ChinaJapan

2%1.5%1%0.5%0%0.5%1%1.5%2%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

China and Japan compared

In 1954, China has a population of 583.5 million and Japan 90.9 million; China is about 6.4 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 4.6% in China and 5.1% in Japan, 0.6 points higher in Japan. The median age is 22.1 years in China and 23.2 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 6.28 in China and 2.47 in Japan, both above the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 46.8 years in China and 64.5 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of China is projected to grow by 116.8% and that of Japan to grow by 15.6% compared with 1954.

GDP per person is $14K in China (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Key figures (1954)

ChinaJapan
Population583.5 million90.9 million
Aged 0–1437.0%34.1%
Aged 15–6458.4%60.7%
Aged 65+4.6%5.1%
Median age22.1 yrs23.2 yrs
Old-age dependency7.98.5
Total fertility rate6.282.47
Life expectancy46.8 yrs64.5 yrs
Population growth+2.25%+1.14%
Net migration (per year)-3,632-68,802
GDP$19.5T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$14K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.6% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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