World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

China vs Japan: population pyramids in 2100

2100▶Swap

ChinaJapan

1.5%1%0.5%0%0.5%1%1.5%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

China and Japan compared

In 2100, China has a population of 634.5 million and Japan 76.2 million; China is about 8.3 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 45.5% in China and 36.8% in Japan, 8.8 points higher in China. The median age is 61.5 years in China and 53.5 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.35 in China and 1.47 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 89.8 years in China and 94.4 years in Japan.

GDP per person is $14K in China (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2100)

ChinaJapan
Population634.5 million76.2 million
Aged 0–147.9%11.6%
Aged 15–6446.6%51.7%
Aged 65+45.5%36.8%
Median age61.5 yrs53.5 yrs
Old-age dependency97.771.2
Total fertility rate1.351.47
Life expectancy89.8 yrs94.4 yrs
Population growth-1.68%-0.50%
Net migration (per year)-77,792+73,710
GDP$19.5T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$14K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.6% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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