World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

China vs Japan: population pyramids in 2010

2010Swap

ChinaJapan

1.5%1%0.5%0%0.5%1%1.5%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

China and Japan compared

In 2010, China has a population of 1.35 billion and Japan 128.1 million; China is about 11 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 8.6% in China and 22.9% in Japan, 14.4 points higher in Japan. The median age is 35.0 years in China and 45.0 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.69 in China and 1.36 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 75.7 years in China and 82.9 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of China is projected to shrink by 6.1% and that of Japan to shrink by 18.0% compared with 2010.

GDP per person is $14K in China (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Key figures (2010)

ChinaJapan
Population1.35 billion128.1 million
Aged 0–1418.6%13.4%
Aged 15–6472.9%63.7%
Aged 65+8.6%22.9%
Median age35.0 yrs45.0 yrs
Old-age dependency11.836.0
Total fertility rate1.691.36
Life expectancy75.7 yrs82.9 yrs
Population growth+0.66%-0.03%
Net migration (per year)-184,144+131,860
GDP$19.5T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$14K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.6% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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