World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

China vs Japan: population pyramids in 2090

2090Swap

ChinaJapan

1.5%1%0.5%0%0.5%1%1.5%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

China and Japan compared

In 2090, China has a population of 746.7 million and Japan 80.1 million; China is about 9.3 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 47.0% in China and 37.1% in Japan, 9.9 points higher in China. The median age is 62.2 years in China and 52.9 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.32 in China and 1.46 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 88.7 years in China and 93.2 years in Japan.

GDP per person is $14K in China (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2090)

ChinaJapan
Population746.7 million80.1 million
Aged 0–148.5%11.9%
Aged 15–6444.5%51.0%
Aged 65+47.0%37.1%
Median age62.2 yrs52.9 yrs
Old-age dependency105.672.7
Total fertility rate1.321.46
Life expectancy88.7 yrs93.2 yrs
Population growth-1.58%-0.47%
Net migration (per year)-86,894+84,292
GDP$19.5T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$14K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.6% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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