World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

China vs Japan: population pyramids in 2066

2066Swap

ChinaJapan

1.5%1%0.5%0%0.5%1%1.5%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

China and Japan compared

In 2066, China has a population of 1.06 billion and Japan 93.4 million; China is about 11 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 38.7% in China and 36.6% in Japan, 2.1 points higher in China. The median age is 57.2 years in China and 54.3 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.25 in China and 1.40 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 85.7 years in China and 90.4 years in Japan.

GDP per person is $14K in China (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2066)

ChinaJapan
Population1.06 billion93.4 million
Aged 0–147.8%10.8%
Aged 15–6453.5%52.6%
Aged 65+38.7%36.6%
Median age57.2 yrs54.3 yrs
Old-age dependency72.369.6
Total fertility rate1.251.40
Life expectancy85.7 yrs90.4 yrs
Population growth-1.29%-0.81%
Net migration (per year)-144,869+103,147
GDP$19.5T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$14K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.6% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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