World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

China vs Japan: population pyramids in 1965

1965Swap

ChinaJapan

3%2%1%0%1%2%3%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

China and Japan compared

In 1965, China has a population of 713.8 million and Japan 100.4 million; China is about 7.1 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 3.7% in China and 6.3% in Japan, 2.6 points higher in Japan. The median age is 19.7 years in China and 27.4 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 6.61 in China and 2.09 in Japan, so only Japan is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 53.0 years in China and 70.3 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of China is projected to grow by 77.2% and that of Japan to grow by 4.7% compared with 1965.

GDP per person is $14K in China (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Key figures (1965)

ChinaJapan
Population713.8 million100.4 million
Aged 0–1441.4%25.4%
Aged 15–6454.9%68.3%
Aged 65+3.7%6.3%
Median age19.7 yrs27.4 yrs
Old-age dependency6.79.2
Total fertility rate6.612.09
Life expectancy53.0 yrs70.3 yrs
Population growth+2.66%+1.08%
Net migration (per year)-130,900-50,667
GDP$19.5T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$14K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.6% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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