World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

China vs Japan: population pyramids in 2051

2051Swap

ChinaJapan

1.5%1%0.5%0%0.5%1%1.5%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

China and Japan compared

In 2051, China has a population of 1.25 billion and Japan 104.4 million; China is about 12 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 31.2% in China and 37.3% in Japan, 6.1 points higher in Japan. The median age is 53.3 years in China and 53.5 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.19 in China and 1.35 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 83.5 years in China and 88.5 years in Japan.

GDP per person is $14K in China (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2051)

ChinaJapan
Population1.25 billion104.4 million
Aged 0–149.9%11.3%
Aged 15–6458.9%51.4%
Aged 65+31.2%37.3%
Median age53.3 yrs53.5 yrs
Old-age dependency53.072.5
Total fertility rate1.191.35
Life expectancy83.5 yrs88.5 yrs
Population growth-0.87%-0.64%
Net migration (per year)-187,534+118,217
GDP$19.5T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$14K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.6% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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